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Subnet Calculator

Calculate network address, broadcast address, host range and more from IP and subnet mask.

Free Subnet Calculator – IPv4 Network Address Calculator Online

Subnetting is a fundamental networking concept that allows you to divide a larger network into smaller, more manageable sub-networks. Understanding subnets is essential for network engineers, system administrators, and anyone working with IP addressing. Our free subnet calculator makes it easy to compute all the key details of any IPv4 subnet in seconds, without needing to perform manual binary calculations.

With this tool you can enter any valid IPv4 address along with a subnet mask in CIDR notation (such as /24) or dotted decimal format (such as 255.255.255.0). The calculator instantly determines the network address, broadcast address, first and last usable host addresses, total number of usable hosts, wildcard mask, IP class, and the full binary representation of the subnet mask.

Quick-select buttons for the most commonly used CIDR prefixes — /8, /16, /24, /28, and /30 — let you rapidly switch between subnet sizes. This is particularly useful when planning network architectures or troubleshooting connectivity issues. Each prefix is annotated with its approximate host capacity so you can choose the right size at a glance.

Whether you are studying for a networking certification like CCNA, designing a corporate LAN, or simply trying to understand how IP addressing works, this subnet calculator provides all the information you need in a clean, easy-to-read format. All calculations happen locally in your browser — no data is sent to any server.

FAQ

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FAQ

What is subnetting and why is it important?+
Subnetting is the process of dividing a network into smaller sub-networks (subnets). It improves network performance by reducing broadcast traffic, enhances security by isolating network segments, and allows more efficient use of IP addresses. Organizations use subnetting to organize their networks logically and control traffic flow between departments or services.
What does CIDR notation mean?+
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation uses a slash followed by a number (e.g., /24) to indicate how many bits of the IP address are used for the network portion. A /24 prefix means the first 24 bits identify the network and the remaining 8 bits are available for host addresses, giving 254 usable hosts. The higher the number, the smaller the subnet.
How do I choose the right subnet size?+
Count the number of devices that need IP addresses on the subnet, then choose a CIDR prefix that provides enough host addresses with some room for growth. For example, /24 supports 254 hosts, /28 supports 14 hosts, and /30 supports only 2 hosts (commonly used for point-to-point links between routers).
What is the difference between the network address and the broadcast address?+
The network address is the first address in a subnet and identifies the subnet itself — it cannot be assigned to a host. The broadcast address is the last address and is used to send data to all hosts on the subnet simultaneously. All addresses between them are available for individual host devices.
What is a wildcard mask?+
A wildcard mask is the inverse of a subnet mask. Where the subnet mask has a 1 bit, the wildcard mask has a 0 bit, and vice versa. Wildcard masks are commonly used in access control lists (ACLs) on Cisco routers and in OSPF routing configurations to specify which bits of an address should be matched.

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